MACRO AND MICRO SOCIOLOGY AND CALVINISM

Macrosociology is an approach to the discipline which emphasizes the analysis of social systems and populations on a large scale, at the level of social structure, and often at a necessarily high level of theoretical abstraction.

Microsociology, by contrast, focuses on the individual social agency. Macrosociology also concerns individuals, families, and other constituent aspects of a society, but always does so in relation to larger social system of which they are a part. Macrosociology can also be the analysis of large collectivities. Human populations are considered a society to the degree that is politically autonomous and its members to engage in a broad range of cooperative activities. Macrosociology deals with broad societal trends that can later be applied to the smaller features of a society. To differentiate, macrosociology deals with issues such as war, distress of Third World nations, poverty, and environmental deprivation, whereas microsociology analyses issues such as the role of women, the nature of the family, and immigration.

Calvinism: is a theological system and an approach to the Christian life.The Reformed tradition was advanced by several theologians , but this branch of Christianity bears the name of the French reformer John Calvin because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates throughout the 16th century.

RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS

BUDDHISM is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (Pāli/Sanskrit "the awakened one"). The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He is recognized by adherents as an awakened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end suffering (or dukkha), achieve nirvana, and escape what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth.
SIDHARTA was a spiritual teacher from ancient India who founded Buddhism. In most Buddhist traditions, he is regarded as the Supreme Buddha of our age, "Buddha" meaning "awakened one" or "the enlightened one.Gautama is the primary figure in Buddhism, and accounts of his life, discourses, and monastic rules are believed by Buddhists to have been summarized after his death and memorized by his followers. Various collections of teachings attributed to him were passed down by oral tradition, and first committed to writing about 400 years later.
He is also regarded as a god or prophet in other religions such as Hinduism, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.

Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian subcontinent. is often referred to as Sanātana Dharma (a Sanskrit phrase meaning "the eternal law") by its adherents. Hinduism also includes yogic traditions and a wide spectrum of "daily morality" based on the notion of karma and societal norms such as Hindu marriage customs.
Hinduism is formed of diverse traditions and has no single founder.Among its roots is the historical Vedic religion of Iron Age India, and as such Hinduism is often called the "oldest living religion or the "oldest living major tradition".

NORTH KOREA DOCUMENTARY

The documentary was really interesting because it showed part of the reality of NK, by part I refer to the negative intentions of the reporter because he focused all the investigation in the negative side of this country, during the film we could appreciate how repressive and radical this government is, people is not free and they are obligated to do what the dictatorial regime wants, people earn one dollar per month and they are not able to the free use of internet, movies, or tv because everything is filtered and controlled, the civil society sees the dictator as a god thinking that everything that he does is correct, this NK regime claims to be socialist that consist in equality among all, what is weir is that regular people ride bicycles and the elites ride Mercedes Benz, I don't agree with this kind of government because there is not freedom at all and they live in constant fear thanks to a ghost that is going to attack the in anytime making all the citizens paranoids and spiteful; what I can rescue about all this critics is that the 99% of the population know how to write and read, that they are very disciplined and clean.

HOSTILE RECEPTIONS AND INFORMAL ORGS

HOSTILE RECEPTION
There is xenopobia, social invisibility (when people feel guilty about the inmigrant), political and legal abandonment (support of the government to the inmigrant) and discrimination that is when someone put a person in a second plane.

INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS.

They act illegal but has legal purposes, operates in illegality but not with antisocial objectives, it has in mind legal goals.

CHARACTERISTICS: Does not use complez technologies, not establisehd work division, not legally constituted.

Informal workers: Unpaid, domestic service, self employees ten peorple or less.

ELEMENTS: High or low entry or exit barriers, abuse of power, irregular salary, no control from the government,need for seasonality...

SOCIAL PROBLEMS: Do not pay taxes, unfair competition, no warranty on products, threat on health...

INDUCTION FACTORS: Economic need, migration, access to cheaper resources, unemployment...

PRESENTATIONS: The role of workers in organizations: Germany and Japan

GERMANY: Social system formed by persons developed in specific particular frames, endure over time, complex with permanent changes; they are innovative, capable of aquiring rights and obligations, pursue efficiency, they do not need personal relationships, very punctuals, direct eye contact, germans have among the highes salaries in the world 30000 euros minimum.

JAPAN: An ancient culture wich has envolved into modern culture.

They respect the seniors, larger corps, excellent salaries and working conditions, secure employment, educational background, company unions mandatory, strikes rare and brief, the top manager is a facilitator, close attention to the workers well being, collaboration and information flow, "get your hands dirty".

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NORTH KOREA AND SOUTH KOREA (QUESTION)

After the war between NK and SK, NK stayed communist and SK did not, over the years NK and SK have developed separately from each other.After years of difficulties for SK they have finally emerged as a thriving nation. However NK is sinking further and further into trouble, as they face mass starvation and economic problems; SK has experienced econmic success and christianity, NK has been given starvation and their former leader to worship. The two countries face the most miltarized border in the world.

given NK refusal to join the internatinal community who support religious freedom instead they put their faith in militarism, they are unlikely to find peace

EXPATRIATES AND MIGRATIONS

EXPATRIATES

An expatriate is a person permanent or temporarily residing in a conutry and culture other than that of the person´s upbringing or legal residence.

An expatriate in a company becomes ambassador of te culture, the knowledge and he philosophy of the organization.

Having an expatriate employee is really expensive thats why its possible to talk to an expatriated about quality and not quality; they have to be trustworthy employees and to ave all the support of the organization.

MIGRATION

Population phenomenon in which an individual or groups of individuals move from it´s habitat towards a new location implying permanence in the new place.

Reasons: roads construction, media development, rural economic difficulties, armed conflict, health and education conditions, growth of public administration.

In the case of transnational migrations: polotical social religious and racial persecution, lack of resources, environment conditions, armed conflict

ANSWERING THE QUESTION:

The position to govern towards inmigration should be of undertanding because it is NOBODIES FAULT, in this case we have to be cozy (it could happen to any one), and try to help in any case it could be looking for job alternatives, giving food, clothes, health care etc.

TYPES OF MANAGEMENT

SUMMARY OF THE CLASS:
We saw the different types of management that exist.
Manager as a hero: including the "super power of choice", supposily never makes mistakes in the organization and the manager always gives the money.
Absolute power makes absolute dictators: managers have to take this into consideration because it could crate problems inside the organizations.
Manager as a sex symbol: it happens when some people see that, "power is sexy".
Sacred cows: Do everything they want, and are arrogant.
Wise boss: everyone in the organization thinks hat the boss is the most wisdom person in the world and in the company, but this is not true all the time, this happens when there is a gap or distance between the employee and the boss.
In class there were two presentations: Traditional managen\ment in Brazil was about the types of management that could be authocrathic (unilateral decision, focused on control), the otherone was permissive that is abot freedom or a combination of both types.

WHAT IS A MANAGER TODAY AND WHAT DO YOU THINK A MANAGER SHOULD BE?
I think that today it depends on the type of person (belives, values, behaviour) in every company you can find a lot of types of managers there are permissive ones or autocrathic ones, it depends on the politics of the company; but in my opinion a manager should be a combination of both, a person who let the workers express their ideas and making them feel an importan part of the company but a manager should demonstrate that he is the person with power and should claim respect because it's a high authority in the organization.

CULTURE IN ORGANIZATIONS

First we have to define what is culture.

Culture consists of all the ideas, objects, and ways of doing things created by the group. Culture includes arts, beliefs, customs, inventions, language, technology and traditions; consists of learned ways of acting, feeling and thinking, rather than biologically determined .

In organizations:

“Culture is a pattern of beliefs and expectations shared by the organization" members. These beliefs and expectations produce norms that shape the behavior of both individuals and groups

within an organization.

Culture is very important in organizations because it's like the way to do things in the company; including value to the people so they will feel important, finding themselves as an important part in the organization making the individual effort a collective one for the entire company, beliefs and norms, all these together will bring and identity to the organization, stability and will separate one organization from another.

SUMMARY OF THE CLASS:

we saw how important is the culture for an organizations with a lot of examples, and also we went to the cafeteria to see peoples behavior and then we share all this in class.